MIDTERM
I--STUDY GUIDE
[Last revised May 29, 2018. Terms
in
parentheses will not be among the ID choices, but you might
want to
discuss them
in connection with the related essay. For additional
advice, see
these Power Point study
suggestions.]
POTENTIAL
ID’S:
ANDERSONVILLE, SHERMAN,
RECONSTRUCTION, KU KLUX KLAN, CARPETBAGGERS AND SCALAWAGS,
ANDREW
JOHNSON, 14th AMENDMENT
ULYSSES S. GRANT, HORACE GREELEY, STALWARTS, (ROSCOE
CONKLING), (JAMES G. BLAINE), HAYES, COMPROMISE OF 1877,
GARFIELD,
ARTHUR, (MUGWUMPS), PENDLETON ACT, CLEVELAND
CREDIT MOBILIER, (ERIE WAR), CARNEGIE,
J.P. MORGAN, ROCKEFELLER, KNIGHTS OF LABOR, (HAYMARKET
RIOT), (A.F.L),
(HOMESTEAD STRIKE), (PULLMAN RIOTS), (EUGENE DEBS),
SHERMAN ANTITRUST
ACT
BOSS TWEED, SALVATION ARMY, Y.M.C.A., WWJD,
(D. L.
MOODY), WCTU, (THOMAS NAST), GRANGE, BRYAN, POPULISTS,
(OMAHA
CONVENTION), (COXEY'S ARMY), YELLOW JOURNALISM,
(MCKINLEY), (MARK HANNA)
(NORTHWEST ORDINANCE), CHEROKEE, TRAIL OF TEARS, (GREAT
BUFFALO HUNT), (OJIBWAY,) (TREATY OF 1851), TREATY OF
1868, (RED
CLOUD),
CRAZY HORSE, (SITTING BULL), LITTLE BIG HORN (BATTLE OF
GREASY GRASS),
WOUNDED KNEE, WOVOKA, GHOST DANCE, (DAWES
SEVERALTY ACT), (ALLOTMENT), (INDIAN REORGANIZATION ACT),
(WHEELER-HOWARD
ACT), (RELOCATION), (INDIAN SELF-DETERMINATION ACT), THE
MAINE, SPANISH
AMERICAN WAR,
HEARST, PHILIPPINES, CUBA, PUERTO RICO, (PLATT AMENDMENT)
POTENTIAL
ESSAY QUESTIONS:
1. The Civil War came close to
destroying the framework of government set up by our
founding
fathers. Even in 1877, America had not fully
recovered from the
Civil War, and the continuation of republican government,
something we
take for granted, was probably not as certain as it seems
to us in
retrospect. Comment.
2. The presidential campaigns of
the last third of the 19th century were characterized, not
only by
mudslinging, but by violence, corruption, and outright
fraud. In
view of this, it is not surprising that the men elected to
the
presidency during this period were seldom great
leaders. It is
perhaps more surprising that these men were as
statesmanlike as they
were. Comment.
3. The late 19th century was a
time of phenomenal growth in business and industry.
Along with
this growth came all the problems typically associated
with
industrialization. Both the blessings and the
problems or
industrialization are often attributed to the "free
enterprise" system,
a system where government maintains a laissez-faire
attitude toward
business and economics. But it is doubtful if the
economic system
of the late 19th century can truly be characterized as one
of "free
enterprise." Comment.
4. Both city dwellers and
farmers struggled with enormous problems as America
transformed itself
into an urban society in the 19th century. There
were, however,
many attempts at reform--some fairly successful, others
rather
disappointing. Comment.
5. The growth of the United States
during its history has been phenomenal. In some
ways, this is
good. Expansion and growth are the signs of a
healthy, confident
society. But the tendency of the U.S. to expand its
geographical
boundaries has from time to time had its negative aspects
as
well. Both positive and negative aspects of the U.S.
tendency to
expansion are evident in the 1865-1900 period. Comment.
POTENTIAL
ID'S:
MCKINLEY,
THEODORE ROOSEVELT, SQUARE
DEAL, PANAMA CANAL, TAFT, (LA
FOLLETTE), BULL MOOSE PARTY, WILSON, FEDERAL
RESERVE ACT, FOURTEEN
POINTS, LEAGUE OF NATIONS, GEORGE CREEL, EUGENICS
MOVEMENT, BIRTH OF A
NATION,
(AMENDMENT XIX), (AMENDMENT XVIII)
PROHIBITION, HARDING, COOLIDGE, SACCO AND
VANZETTI, SCOPES TRIAL,
BRYAN, ANDREW
MELLON, HOOVER
FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT, NEW DEAL, FIRESIDE CHATS, WPA,
(FDIC), (SEC), CCC,
NATIONAL
RECOVERY ACT, AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT, (FHA),
SOCIAL SECURITY ACT
NYE COMMISSION, NEUTRALITY ACTS, LEND-LEASE,
STALIN, PEARL HARBOR,
NORMANDY
INVASION, HIROSHIMA, FRANK CAPRA
(COLD WAR), YALTA, POTSDAM, TRUMAN, MARSHALL PLAN,
KOREAN WAR,
EISENHOWER,
(MCCARTHY), DIEM, CASTRO, SPUTNIK, (JOE KENNEDY),
JOHN F. KENNEDY, (NEW
FRONTIER), ICH
BIN EIN BERLINER, CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS, BAY OF
PIGS
POTENTIAL ESSAY QUESTIONS:
1. In the early years of
the 20th
century, crusaders of various types
(including three "progressive" presidents) took
on all of the many
evils plaguing American society-- crime,
disease, corruption, poverty,
ignorance, and injustice--and won! At
least, sort of. Comment.
2. While there is a general consensus on
which figures and events
of the
1920-1932 period are particularly important,
there are major
differences in
interpreting just about every one of these
figures and events. Comment.
3. Franklin D. Roosevelt promised the
American people a "new
deal," and he gave them just that.
Roosevelt's presidency saw
many
fundamental changes in the American political
system. These
changes made
Roosevelt a hero to many, and Roosevelt is one
of the most loved
presidents in
American history--with good reason. But
many would argue that
Roosevelt's
"New Deal" was a raw deal, and Roosevelt also
has the distinction of
being one of the most hated of American
presidents--with good
reason! Comment.
4. During the period after World War I,
Americans tended to regard that
war as
a great mistake, and they were determined not to
make such a mistake
again. America’s refusal to get involved
in foreign conflicts
made it
seem like the country would forever be a
pacifist, isolationist, and
even
cowardly nation. World War II showed that
this was not quite the
case. Comment.
5. During the years that followed World War II,
America reluctantly
accepted
its responsibilities as a major player in world
affairs. Despite
sometimes disappointing leadership and more than
a few major blunders,
the
country was still moderately successful in
leading the free world
through the
difficult years of what is often called the Cold
War. Comment
FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
[Last Revised 6/28/22]
[See also this History 152 Final Exam
Study Suggestions PowerPoint]
POTENTIAL ID'S:
LYNDON JOHNSON, THE GREAT SOCIETY,
(BARRY GOLDWATER), WAR ON POVERTY, CIVIL RIGHTS ACTS OF 1964 AND
1965,
MARTIN LUTHER KING, [BLACK PANTHERS],
ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, [ELIJAH MUHAMMAD], MALCOLM X, GULF OF TONKIN
RESOLUTIONS, TET OFFENSIVE
RICHARD NIXON, CHECKERS SPEECH, AGNEW,
[EUGENE MCCARTHY], [BOBBY KENNEDY], GEORGE WALLACE, GEORGE
MCGOVERN,
WATERGATE, DETENTE, SALT
GERALD FORD, WIN!, KHMER
ROUGE, OPEC, JIMMY CARTER, BORN-AGAIN CHRISTIANS, HELSINKI
ACCORDS
RONALD REAGAN, SDI, IRAN-CONTRA,
ROBERT BORK, [TED KENNEDY], SUPPLY SIDE ECONOMICS, AIDS, GEORGE
H.W.
BUSH,
"READ MY LIPS," [DAN QUAYLE], GULF WAR
BILL CLINTON, WHITEWATER,
CATTLEGATE, HILLARY
RODHAM CLINTON, [KOSOVO], [CONTRACT WITH AMERICA], [FILEGATE],
[CHINAGATE],
PARDONGATE, GEORGE W. BUSH, BUSH V. GORE, WAR ON
TERROR, NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND, [TARP],
BARACK OBAMA, TEA PARTY,
OBAMACARE, [FAST
AND
FURIOUS], DONALD TRUMP, ALTERNATIVE FACTS, JOE BIDEN, HUNTER
BIDEN
POTENTIAL
ESSAY
QUESTIONS:
1. Lyndon Johnson did everything
in his power to turn America into a "Great Society."
Unfortunately, his well-intended programs did little to
alleviate the
problems American society faced, and may actually have
increased the
turmoil of the 1960's. Comment.
2. Richard Nixon was an
exceptionally competent president and no more immoral than
many other
presidents of the last seventy years. He was often a true
statesman,
putting the good of his country far above personal
advantage. Nixon was also a clever politician, as
his
nickname "Tricky Dick" suggests. But Nixon was not quite
clever
enough, not quite tricky enough to overcome the hostility of
his
political enemies. Comment.
3. In what came to be called his
“malaise speech,” President Jimmy Carter complained that
America was
going through a time of “paralysis and stagnation and
drift.” In
many ways, that phrase describes well both the Ford and Carter
administrations. The nation was adrift, and neither man
seemed to
be able to do much about it.
Comment.
4. Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush (Bush 41)
put together a new political coalition, a coalition which
enabled them
to reverse some of the damage done to America by 20 years of
liberal
social and economic policies. However, despite the many
successes
of Reagan and Bush, the two men left their "conservative
revolution"
far from complete. Comment.
5. No matter what one thinks of
Bill Clinton as a statesman, it is clear that he is a great
politician--and a great illustration of the general rule that
people
get the leaders they deserve. The same might be said of George
W.
Bush (Bush 43). Comment.
6. No matter what one thinks of Barack Obama as a
statesman, it is clear that he is a great politician--and a
great illustration of the general rule that people get the
leaders they deserve. The same might be said of Donald
Trump and Joe Biden. Comment.